Ahoj. V jednom testu FCE for Schools je věta: The contest was first organised in 1971 by a teacher called John Tyson _______ had taken several blow pipes away from his pupils when they had used them at school. (bez čárky, tedy “defining clause”)
Ve výsledcích mají správně pouze “who”, což bylo první, po čem jsem sama sáhla. Ale co takové “that”? Pokud se jedná o “defining-clause” (čímž si zde vlastně nejsem tak jistá), je možné zájmeno (v mluvené angličtině) nahradit “that”. Musím ale říct, že v tomto případě mi vůbec dobře nezní, ale možné to asi je, co myslíte?
Jde tady o vztažnou větu neurčující. Vynechání čárky je chyba. “… who had taken several blowpipes away” just gives additional information about the teacher, it doesn't define the teacher, because it's highly unlikely that there would be two teachers called John Tyson, one of whom had taken away the blowpipes, and the other hadn't. If that was the case, it would have to be “organised by the teacher called John Tyson who had taken away …”
neurčující vztažná zájmena WHO, WHICH (ne THAT) atd. (HFE)
Non-defining (comma):
- The pipes were taken away by the teacher, who / that had organised the contest. [The teacher took away the pipes, and (s)he also organised the contest.]
Defining (no comma):
- The pipes were taken away by the teacher who/that had organised the contest. [They weren't taken away by some other teacher.]